Jon Kabat-Zinn highlighted 7 mindfulness qualities - how one attends to information during mindfulness.
Shauna Shapiro et al added 5 affective qualities, yielding a total of 12:
Cardaciotto L. Assessing Mindfulness: The Development of a Bi-Dimensional Measure of Awareness and Acceptance. PhD Thesis, Drexel University, 2005.
These overlapping, interdependent, characteristic qualities or attitudes are cultivated by, & naturally arise from, mindfulness practice - much like physical strength, aerobic fitness, perseverance, etc arise for athletes from their training regimen.